A camera can only focus on one point, with the area behind and in front of it being in focus too. This is called the depth of field. The depth of field can change shape, size and position and can either be described as shallow or deep.
In order to keep everything looking sharp in an image, the depth of field will have to be rather extensive.
When photographing a landscape, a deep depth of field will be required in order to capture everything from the foreground right back until the horizon. Images which fit this are below:

When photographing something a little more close up, a shallower depth of field will be needed to be used. This is so that the background can be blurred out. Images fitting this description are below:
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